web开发中如何使用request method过滤
request method过滤：
一般来说，即便是同一个url，因为请求方法不同，处理方式也不同；
如一url，GET方法返回网页内容，POST方法browser提交数据过来需要处理，并存入DB，最终返回给browser存储成功或失败；
即，需请求方法和正则同时匹配才能决定执行什么处理函数；
GET，请求指定的页面信息，并返回header和body；
HEAD，类似GET，只不过返回的响应中只有header没有body；
POST，向指定资源提交数据进行处理请求，如提交表单或上传文件，数据被包含在请求正文中，POST请求可能会导致新的资源的建立和已有资源的修改；
PUT，从c向s传送的数据取代指定的文档内容，MVC框架中或restful开发中常用；
DELETE，请求s删除指定的内容；
注：
s端可只支持GET、POST，其它HEAD、PUT、DELETE可不支持；
ver1:
例：
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
from webob import Request, Response, dec, exc
import re
class Application:
# ROUTE_TABLE = {}
ROUTE_TABLE = [] #[(method, re.compile(pattern), handler)]
GET = 'GET'
@classmethod
def register(cls, method, pattern):
def wrapper(handler):
cls.ROUTE_TABLE.append((method, re.compile(pattern), handler))
return handler
return wrapper
@dec.wsgify
def __call__(self, request:Request) -> Response:
for method, regex, handler in self.ROUTE_TABLE:
if request.method.upper() != method:
continue
if regex.match(request.path): #同if regex.search(request.path)
return handler(request)
raise exc.HTTPNotFound()
@Application.register(Application.GET, '/python$') #若非要写成@Application.register('/python$')，看下例
def showpython(request):
res = Response()
res.body = '
hello python
'.encode()return res
@Application.register('post', '^/$')
def index(request):
res = Response()
res.body = '
welcome
'.encode()return res
if __name__ == '__main__':
ip = '127.0.0.1'
port = 9999
server = make_server(ip, port, Application())
try:
server.serve_forever()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
finally:
server.shutdown()
server.server_close()
VER2：
例：
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
from webob import Request, Response, dec, exc
import re
class Application:
# ROUTE_TABLE = {}
ROUTE_TABLE = [] #[(method, re.compile(pattern), handler)]
GET = 'GET'
@classmethod
def route(cls, method, pattern):
def wrapper(handler):
cls.ROUTE_TABLE.append((method, re.compile(pattern), handler))
return handler
return wrapper
@classmethod
def get(cls, pattern):
return cls.route('GET', pattern)
@classmethod
def post(cls, pattern):
return cls.route('POST', pattern)
@classmethod
def head(cls, pattern):
return cls.route('HEAD', pattern)
@dec.wsgify
def __call__(self, request:Request) -> Response:
for method, regex, handler in self.ROUTE_TABLE:
print(method, regex, handler)
if request.method.upper() != method:
continue
matcher = regex.search(request.path)
print(matcher)
if matcher: #if regex.search(request.path)
return handler(request)
raise exc.HTTPNotFound()
@Application.get('/python$')
def showpython(request):
res = Response()
res.body = '
hello python
'.encode()return res
@Application.post('^/$')
def index(request):
res = Response()
res.body = '
welcome
'.encode()return res
if __name__ == '__main__':
ip = '127.0.0.1'
port = 9999
server = make_server(ip, port, Application())
try:
server.serve_forever()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
finally:
server.shutdown()
server.server_close()
VER3：
例：
一个url可设置多个方法：
思路1：
如果什么方法都不写，相当于所有方法都支持；
@Application.route('^/$')相当于@Application.route(None,'^/$')
如果一个处理函数需要关联多个请求方法，这样写：
@Application.route(['GET','PUT','DELETE'],'^/$')
@Application.route(('GET','PUT','POST'),'^/$')
@Application.route({'GET','PUT','DELETE'},'^/$')
思路2：
调整参数位置，把请求方法放到最后，变成可变参数：
def route(cls,pattern,*methods):
methods若是一个空元组，表示匹配所有方法；
methods若是非空，表示匹配指定方法；
@Application.route('^/$','POST','PUT','DELETE')
@Application.route('^/$')相当于@Application.route('^/$','GET','PUT','POST','HEAD','DELETE')
例：
from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
from webob import Request, Response, dec, exc
import re
class Application:
# ROUTE_TABLE = {}
ROUTE_TABLE = [] #[(method, re.compile(pattern), handler)]
GET = 'GET'
@classmethod
def route(cls, pattern, *methods):
def wrapper(handler):
cls.ROUTE_TABLE.append((methods, re.compile(pattern), handler))
return handler
return wrapper
@classmethod
def get(cls, pattern):
return cls.route(pattern, 'GET')
@classmethod
def post(cls, pattern):
return cls.route(pattern, 'POST')
@classmethod
def head(cls, pattern):
return cls.route(pattern, 'HEAD')
@dec.wsgify
def __call__(self, request:Request) -> Response:
for methods, regex, handler in self.ROUTE_TABLE:
print(methods, regex, handler)
if not methods or request.method.upper() in methods: #not methods，即所有请求方法
matcher = regex.search(request.path)
print(matcher)
if matcher:
return handler(request)
raise exc.HTTPNotFound()
@Application.get('/python$')
def showpython(request):
res = Response()
res.body = '
hello python
'.encode()return res
@Application.route('^/$') #支持所有请求方法，结合__call__()中not methods
def index(request):
res = Response()
res.body = '
welcome
'.encode()return res
if __name__ == '__main__':
ip = '127.0.0.1'
port = 9999
server = make_server(ip, port, Application())
try:
server.serve_forever()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
finally:
server.shutdown()
server.server_close()