安装MySQL 教程详解
本文主要给大家介绍安装MySQL 教程详解，希望可以给大家补充和更新些知识，如有其它问题需要了解的可以持续在行业资讯里面关注我的更新文章的。
本次主要是mysql-5.5.54 的安装
基础环境为：
centos 6.8
一、下载mysql-5.5.54 安装包
创建软件存放目录
mkdir /home/softwares/
cd /home/softwares/
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.54.tar.gz
二、安装mysql 依赖包
yum install -y cmake;
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ ;
yum install -y ncurses-devel.x86_64 ;
yum install -y cmake.x86_64 ;
yum install -y libaio.x86_64 ;
yum install -y bison.x86_64 ;
yum install -y gcc-c++.x86_64;
yum install -y perl-Module-Build;
yum install -y libtool zilib-devel ;
yum install -y libaio.x86_64;
yum install -y perl.x86_64;
yum install -y perl-Module-Pluggable.x86_64;
yum install -y perl-Pod-Escapes.x86_64;
yum install -y perl-Pod-Simple.x86_64;
yum install -y perl-libs.x86_64;
yum install -y perl-version.x86_64 ;
yum install –y openssl openssl-devel ncurses ncurses-devel;
2、创建用户和组分区
groupadd mysql
useradd mysql -g mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin
3、解压mysql-5.5.54.tar.gz
tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.54.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.5.54/ && chmod +x *
4、编译安装
| cmake \ ##相当于config -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/u01/app/mysql/db \ ##数据库安装的目录 -DSYSCONFDIR=/u01/app/mysql/db/etc \ ##数据库安装的配置文件，不用原来的默认文件可以避免多次升级的时候读取错误的配置文件 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/u01/data/mysql/db/data \ ##数据库默认存放库表存放的位置 -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/u01/app/mysql/db/mysql.sock \ ##本地通信日志 -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ |
make install
5、编写配置文件
cd /u01/app/mysql/db/ && mkdir etc && cd etc
mkdir etc
vi my.cnf
cat my.cnf [mysqld] #########data########### user=mysql basedir = /u01/app/mysql/db datadir = /u01/app/mysql/data innodb_log_group_home_dir=/u01/app/mysql/engine/innolog innodb_log_file_size = 50M innodb_data_home_dir=/u01/app/mysql/engine/innodata #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M;ibdata2:150M:autoextend innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M:autoextend log-bin = /u01/app/mysql/log/mysql-binlog log-bin-index = /u01/app/mysql/log/mysql-bin.index binlog_cache_size = 32M max_binlog_size=512M binlog_format=row innodb_file_per_table=1 log-error = /u01/app/mysql/mysql-error.log pid-file = /u01/app/mysql/mysql.pid skip-name-resolve socket=/u01/app/mysql/mysql.sock ############pool######### #*******skip-innodb********* innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 64M innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M innodb_write_io_threads = 8 innodb_read_io_threads = 8 innodb_thread_concurrency = 16 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 port=3306 server-id= 1 # *** global cache *** read_buffer_size = 32M read_rnd_buffer_size = 128M sort_buffer_size = 64M join_buffer_size = 64M # *** query cache *** query_cache_size = 128M query_cache_limit = 4M # *** bin log *** #log_slave_updates log_warnings ###########others######### #***transaction*** default-storage-engine = INNODB transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ # *** thread *** thread_cache_size = 16 thread_stack = 512K #*** network *** back_log = 512 #skip-networking max_connections = 3000 max_connect_errors = 30 table_open_cache = 4096 max_allowed_packet = 32M max_heap_table_size = 512M #*** char set *** character-set-server = utf8 #explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true # *** tmp table *** tmp_table_size = 128M # *** slow query log *** slow_query_log long_query_time = 10 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M [mysql] auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 12M sort_buffer_size = 12M read_buffer = 32M write_buffer = 32M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [client] socket=/u01/app/mysql/mysql.sock port=3306 |
6、将mysql启动脚本脚本命令复制到/etc/init.d/
cp /u01/app/mysql/db/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld && chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
7、根据my.cnf 创建目录他不会自动创建目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/data/engine/innolog
mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/data/engine/innodata
mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/data/mysql-binlog
mkdir -p /u01/app/mysql/log/
chown mysql. /u01/app/mysql/ -R
cd /u01/app/mysql/db
8、初始化语句数据库安装指定的目录，数据库默认存放目录
./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/u01/app/mysql/db --datadir=/u01/app/mysql/data --user=mysql
更改环境变量
vim ~/.bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/u01/app/mysql/db/bin/
环境变量生效
source ~/.bash_profile
如果报错：
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
配置文件的问题
Starting MySQL... ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysql/mysql.pid).
一般需要自己查询配置文件是否设置的参数过大或者过小，查看机器内存是否过小，如果都是可以的请删除除了db 文件之外的所有 然后重新创建目录
##########启动成功之后设置密码###########
mysqladmin -uroot password "123456"
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