二进制安装步骤：

groupadd postgres

 useradd -g postgres postgres

 id postgres

 passwd postgres

 mkdir -p /data/postgresql/data 

 mkdir -p /data/postgresql/log

 tar xf postgresql-9.5.9-1-linux-x64-binaries.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

 cd /usr/local/

 chown -R postgres.postgres pgsql

 cd /data

 chown -R postgres.postgres postgresql

 cd /usr/local/pgsql/bin/

 vim /etc/profile

 source /etc/profile

普通用户启动postgreSQL服务

 su - postgres

初始化数据库：

 initdb -E utf8 -D /data/postgresql/data

启动数据库：

 pg_ctl -D /data/postgresql/data -l /data/postgresql/log/postgres.log start

[root@localhost log]# tailf /data/postgresql/log/postgres.log 

LOG:  could not create IPv6 socket: Address family not supported by protocol

LOG:  database system was shut down at 2017-10-04 18:06:18 CST

LOG:  MultiXact member wraparound protections are now enabled

LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections

LOG:  autovacuum launcher started

关闭postgresql服务

pg_ctl -D /data/postgresql/data -l /data/postgresql/log/postgres.log stop

[root@localhost log]# tailf /data/postgresql/log/postgres.log 

LOG:  received fast shutdown request

LOG:  aborting any active transactions

LOG:  autovacuum launcher shutting down

LOG:  shutting down

LOG:  database system is shut down

重启postgresql服务

pg_ctl -D /data/postgresql/data -l /data/postgresql/log/postgres.log restart

[root@localhost log]# tailf /data/postgresql/log/postgres.log 

LOG:  received fast shutdown request

LOG:  aborting any active transactions

LOG:  autovacuum launcher shutting down

LOG:  autovacuum launcher shutting down

LOG:  shutting down

LOG:  database system is shut down

LOG:  could not create IPv6 socket: Address family not supported by protocol

LOG:  database system was shut down at 2017-10-04 18:08:15 CST

LOG:  MultiXact member wraparound protections are now enabled

LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections

LOG:  autovacuum launcher started

查看启动日志：

 tail -100f /data/postgresql/log/postgres.log

ps -ef

登陆数据库：

 psql

默认登陆postgresql数据库是不需要密码的