Oracle RMAN备份深入解析--联机备份

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;

  此命令将触发以下操作：

   1、首先，进程使用alter system archivelog current命令完成了日志切换操作。

   2、进程将现存所有归档重做日志备份

   3、开始执行实际的数据库备份操作，此时会发生一次日志切换（alter system archivelog current），同时RMAN备份剩余的归档重做日志（使用backup archivelog all命令）。

   4、执行控制文件和服务器参数文件的自动备份操作。

案例：

1、查看备份前的日志信息

17:13:50 SYS@ prod>select group#,sequence#,thread#,status from v$log;
    GROUP#  SEQUENCE#    THREAD# STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------
         1         16          1 CURRENT
         2         14          1 INACTIVE
         3         15          1 INACTIVE
Elapsed: 00:00:00.05

2、执行备份

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;

Starting backup at 03-JUL-14
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=13 RECID=41 STAMP=851966028
input archived log thread=1 sequence=14 RECID=42 STAMP=851966028
input archived log thread=1 sequence=15 RECID=43 STAMP=851966030
input archived log thread=1 sequence=16 RECID=44 STAMP=851966141
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0kpcfu5t_1_1 tag=TAG20140703T171541 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backup at 03-JUL-14
Starting backup at 03-JUL-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/perftbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/undotbs2.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/tbs1.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/undotbs1.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0lpcfu61_1_1 tag=TAG20140703T171545 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:26
Finished backup at 03-JUL-14
Starting backup at 03-JUL-14
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=17 RECID=45 STAMP=851966231
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 03-JUL-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0mpcfu8o_1_1 tag=TAG20140703T171712 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 03-JUL-14
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 03-JUL-14
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/c-239333010-20140703-00 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 03-JUL-14

3、查看告警日志

[oracle@rh7 ~]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/prod/prod/trace/alert_prod.log 

  Current log# 1 seq# 16 mem# 1: /dsk2/oradata/prod/redo01b.log

Thu Jul 03 17:13:50 2014

Archived Log entry 43 added for thread 1 sequence 15 ID 0xfaf1e60 dest 2:

Thu Jul 03 17:15:41 2014

ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG

Thu Jul 03 17:15:41 2014

Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 17 (LGWR switch)

  Current log# 2 seq# 17 mem# 0: /dsk1/oradata/prod/redo02a.log

  Current log# 2 seq# 17 mem# 1: /dsk2/oradata/prod/redo02b.log

Archived Log entry 44 added for thread 1 sequence 16 ID 0xfaf1e60 dest 2:

Thu Jul 03 17:17:11 2014

ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG

Thu Jul 03 17:17:11 2014

Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 18 (LGWR switch)

  Current log# 3 seq# 18 mem# 0: /dsk1/oradata/prod/redo03a.log

  Current log# 3 seq# 18 mem# 1: /dsk2/oradata/prod/redo03b.log

Archived Log entry 45 added for thread 1 sequence 17 ID 0xfaf1e60 dest 2:

4、备份后的日志切换信息

17:13:56 SYS@ prod>select group#,sequence#,thread#,status from v$log;
    GROUP#  SEQUENCE#    THREAD# STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------
         1         16          1 INACTIVE
         2         17          1 ACTIVE
         3         18          1 CURRENT
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01

5、查看备份信息

RMAN> list backup of database;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
17      Full    1.13G      DISK        00:01:21     03-JUL-14      
        BP Key: 17   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20140703T171545
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0lpcfu61_1_1
  List of Datafiles in backup set 17
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  1       Full 2066885    03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/system01.dbf
  2       Full 2066885    03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbf
  3       Full 2066885    03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/undotbs1.dbf
  4       Full 2066885    03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/users01.dbf
  5       Full 2066885    03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/example01.dbf
  6       Full 2066885    03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/tbs1.dbf
  7       Full 2066885    03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/undotbs2.dbf
  8       Full 2066885    03-JUL-14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/perftbs01.dbf
  
RMAN> list backup of archivelog all;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
16      31.11M     DISK        00:00:01     03-JUL-14      
        BP Key: 16   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20140703T171541
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0kpcfu5t_1_1
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 16
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    13      2051289    03-JUL-14 2066660    03-JUL-14
  1    14      2066660    03-JUL-14 2066663    03-JUL-14
  1    15      2066663    03-JUL-14 2066666    03-JUL-14
  1    16      2066666    03-JUL-14 2066878    03-JUL-14
BS Key  Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
18      104.00K    DISK        00:00:00     03-JUL-14      
        BP Key: 18   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20140703T171712
        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/0mpcfu8o_1_1
  List of Archived Logs in backup set 18
  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time  Next SCN   Next Time
  ---- ------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------
  1    17      2066878    03-JUL-14 2066956    03-JUL-14