写给自己：linux运维路，自己动手趟一遍

参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/yingsong/p/6031235.html
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准备工作：
内存及swap要求
1-2G物理内存时 swap是1.5倍
2-16G物理内存时 swap相等
大于16G物理内存时 swap 16G

硬盘空间 >20G

关闭防火墙及SELINUX

修改内核参数：

#vi/etc/sysctl.conf  
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65500
fs.file-max = 6815744 
kernel.shmall = 10523004 
kernel.shmmax = 6465333657 
kernel.shmmni = 4096 
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100128 
net.core.rmem_default=262144 
net.core.wmem_default=262144 
net.core.rmem_max=4194304 
net.core.wmem_max=1048576 
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
# sysctl -p

修改用户限制文件

#vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 102405

创建用户及组

#groupadd dba 
#useradd -m -g dba oracle
#passwd oracle

创建安装目录

#mkdir -p /ora11/product/11.2.0/db_1

数据文件存放目录

#mkdir -p /ora11/oradata

数据恢复目录

#mkdir -p /ora11/recovery_data

数据库创建及使用过程中的日志目录

#mkdir -p /ora11/oraInventory

修改安装目录权限

#chown -R oracle:dba /ora11
#chmod -R 775 /ora11

登录oracle用户，设置环境变量

#su - oracle
$vim .bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/ora11
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64
export ORACLE_SID=rac1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

$source .bash_profile   //使设置生效

安装依赖包
自己整理了一下(全部在这里了）

#yum install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 \
  elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel\
   glibc-devel.i686 ksh libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libaio \
   libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 make sysstat

---------------------------------------
将安装包上传到oracle用户的home目录

链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bNvf22 密码：zxmv

linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

#unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
#unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
#cd database
#su - oracle

数据库安装配置 文件
/database/response/db_install.rsp 安装应答配置文件
/database/response/dbca.rsp 创建数据库应答
/database/response/netca.rsp 建立监听、本地服务名等网络设置应答

修改配置文件db_install.rsp，并安装 (实例名为rac1,密码为12345678)

#vim /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=centos6-1
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=dba
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/ora11/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOME=/ora11/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/ora11
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false
oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=rac1
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=rac1
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=400
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=12345678
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/ora11/oradata
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/ora11/recovery_data
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true

登录oracle用户，执行安装

#su - oracle
$./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp

其中-silent指的是静默安装，-ignorePrereq忽略prerequisite的检查结果，responseFile是安装文件。

安装过程中，如果提示[WARNING]不必理会，此时安装程序仍在进行，如果出现[FATAL]，则安装程序已经停止了。
打开另一个终端，执行命令

#tail -100 f /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions......log

可以实时跟踪查看安装日志，了解安装的进度。
---------------------------------------------
出错后，需要删除已经创建的目录，再次安装

rm -rf /ora11/*
mkdir -p /ora11/product/11.2.0/db_1 /ora11/oradata /ora11/recovery_data /ora11/oraInventory
chown -R oracle:dba /ora11
chmod -R 775 /ora11

-----------------------------------------------------------
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 7910 MB    Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 1631 MB    Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-04-22_09-18-14PM. Please wait ...[oracle@centos6-1 database]$ [WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
   CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
   ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
[WARNING] [INS-30011] The password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
   CAUSE: Oracle recommends that the ADMIN password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
   ACTION: Provide a password that conforms to the Oracle recommended standards.
[WARNING] [INS-32055] The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
   CAUSE: The Central Inventory is located in the Oracle base.
   ACTION: Oracle recommends placing this Central Inventory in a location outside the Oracle base directory.
[WARNING] [INS-30011] The password entered does not conform to the Oracle recommended standards.
   CAUSE: Oracle recommends that the ADMIN password entered should be at least 8 characters in length, contain at least 1 uppercase character, 1 lower case character and 1 digit [0-9].
   ACTION: Provide a password that conforms to the Oracle recommended standards.
You can find the log of this install session at:
 /ora11/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-04-22_09-18-14PM.log
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
 #!/bin/sh
 #Root scripts to run

/ora11/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/ora11/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
         1. Open a terminal window
         2. Log in as "root"
         3. Run the scripts
         4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue  

出现这个的话，说明已安装成功，则需要按提示操作，操作完返回Enter成功

以root用户执行下面这二条脚本

/ora11/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/ora11/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

https://192.168.88.61/em 用户名sys 密码12345678 连接身份SYSDBA