一、环境
11g rac
rhel 6.8

二、报错信息
SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files;
ERROR:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 6 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 6:
'/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/DATAfsczracdatafilefinance.DBF'

三、处理过程
花了几分钟，清理了一下思路，写好脚本就开始整。

1、默认归档已打开
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            +DATA/arch
Oldest online log sequence     20
Next log sequence to archive   22
Current log sequence           22
SQL> 
SQL> 

2、offline 表空间
SQL> alter tablespace FINANCE offline;

Tablespace altered.

3、cp 数据文件
ASMCMD [+data/FSCZRAC/datafile] > cp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/DATAfsczracdatafilefinance.DBF  +data/fsczrac/datafile/DATAfsczracdatafilefinance.DBF
copying /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/DATAfsczracdatafilefinance.DBF -> +data/fsczrac/datafile/DATAfsczracdatafilefinance.DBF
ASMCMD [+data/FSCZRAC/datafile] > 

4、修改控制文件中的数据文件路径
SQL> alter database rename file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/DATAfsczracdatafilefinance.DBF' to '+data/fsczrac/datafile/DATAfsczracdatafilefinance.DBF';
Database altered.

5、恢复表空间
SQL> recover tablespace finance;
Media recovery complete.

6、表空间online
SQL> alter tablespace finance online;
Tablespace altered.

7、验证
SQL> col file_name for a60
SQL> select file_name, file_id, online_status from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME                                                       FILE_ID ONLINE_
------------------------------------------------------------ ---------- -------
+DATA/fsczrac/datafile/users.259.967475641                            4 ONLINE
+DATA/fsczrac/datafile/undotbs1.258.967475641                         3 ONLINE
+DATA/fsczrac/datafile/sysaux.257.967475641                           2 ONLINE
+DATA/fsczrac/datafile/system.256.967475641                           1 SYSTEM
+DATA/fsczrac/datafile/undotbs2.269.967475831                         5 ONLINE
+DATA/fsczrac/datafile/datafsczracdatafilefinance.dbf                 6 ONLINE

6 rows selected.

SQL>