mysql 默认对导出的目录有权限限制，也就是说使用命令行进行导出的时候，需要指定目录进行操作；
mysql> select * from t1 into outfile '/tmp/t1_mysql.csv' fields terminated by ",";
ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --secure-file-priv option so it cannot execute this statement

解决方法：

1. 查询mysql 的secure_file_priv 值配置的是什么
[mysqld]
secure-file-priv=/var/lib/mysql

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root

2. 使用 into outfile 开始导出：因为secure_file_priv配置的关系，所以必须导出到 /var/lib/mysql/目录下
mysql> select * from t1 into outfile '/var/lib/mysql/t1_mysql.csv' fields terminated by "," OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';

3. 关键字解释：因为导出的数据会出现一些乱码或者特殊字符，所以使用以上关键字进行转义
FIELDS TERMINATED BY  ','  OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY  ' " '  LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';