Mysql数据库默认编码

查看使用的编码

1.  使用status查看

mysql> status

--------------
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.44, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

Connection id:      22
Current database:   
Current user:       root@localhost
SSL:            Not in use
Current pager:      stdout
Using outfile:      ''
Using delimiter:    ;
Server version:     5.6.44 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version:   10
Connection:     Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:    latin1
Db     characterset:    latin1
Client characterset:    utf8
Conn.  characterset:    utf8
UNIX socket:        /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
Uptime:         6 hours 31 min 31 sec

Threads: 1  Questions: 905  Slow queries: 1  Opens: 74  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 67  Queries per second avg: 0.038
--------------

Server characterset:    latin1
Db     characterset:    latin1  (数据库编码格式)
Client characterset:    utf8        (客户端连接进来的编码格式)
Conn.  characterset:    utf8        (接入的编码格式)

2. 使用show variables

show variables like 'character'

mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+

/etc/my.cnf文件中修改配置信息

1. 使用默认的配置信息

• 本机访问自己的数据库:Server characterset:    latin1

  status

  Server characterset:   latin1
  Db     characterset:   latin1
  Client characterset:   utf8
  Conn.  characterset:   utf8

  show variables like 'character%'

  +--------------------------+----------------------------+
  
  | Variable_name            | Value                      |
  
  +--------------------------+----------------------------+
  
  | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
  
  | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
  
  | character_set_database   | latin1                     |
  
  | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
  
  | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
  
  | character_set_server     | latin1                     |
  
  | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
  
  | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
  
  +--------------------------+----------------------------+

  创建一个数据库encodtest,查看其编码信息

  Server characterset:   latin1
  Db     characterset:   latin1
  Client characterset:   utf8
  Conn.  characterset:   utf8

  mysql> show variables like 'character%';
  +--------------------------+----------------------------+
  | Variable_name            | Value                      |
  +--------------------------+----------------------------+
  | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
  | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
  | character_set_database   | latin1                     |
  | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
  | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
  | character_set_server     | latin1                     |
  | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
  | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
  +--------------------------+----------------------------+

  character_set_database是数据库的编码格式

  创建一个test表查看其默认的编码格式

  show create table test;

  +-------+-------------------------------
  | Table | Create Table                                                                                               |
  +-------+-------------------------------
  | test  | CREATE TABLE `test` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |
  +-------+-------------------------------

  DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1默认的编码格式是latin1,与数据库编码格式相同

2. 更改配置文件/etc/my.cnf

   添加设置:

   [client]
   default-character-set = utf8
   [mysqld]
   character-set-server=utf8
   collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci

• 本机进入数据库

  查看编码格式:

  status

  Server characterset:   utf8
  Db     characterset:   utf8
  Client characterset:   utf8
  Conn.  characterset:   utf8

  show variables like 'char%';

  +--------------------------+----------------------------+
  | Variable_name            | Value                      |
  +--------------------------+----------------------------+
  | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
  | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
  | character_set_database   | utf8                       |
  | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
  | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
  | character_set_server     | utf8                       |
  | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
  | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
  +--------------------------+----------------------------+

  创建数据库查看其编码

  与上面相同

  创建表查看编码:

  +-------+------------------------------------------------------
  | Table | Create Table                                                                                                                     |
  +-------+------------------------------------------------------
  | test  | CREATE TABLE `test` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
  ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci |
  +-------+-----------------------------------------------------

  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci默认的编码格式与配置相同