RedHat 6.7 安装Mysql 5.7.18
环境准备：
操作系统：RedHat 6.7
数据库：Mysql 5.7.18
1.从官网下载 mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
官网地址：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
2. 创建mysql的用户组/用户, data目录及其用户目录
mkdir /home/mysql
mkdir /mysql_data
groupadd -g 505 mysql
useradd -u 506 -g mysql -s /bin/false -d /home/mysql mysql
3. 解压安装包并将解压包里的内容拷贝到mysql的安装目录/home/mysql
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /home/mysql/
cd /home/mysql
mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
cd mysql
mv * ../
chown mysql:mysql -R /home/mysql
chown mysql:mysql -R /mysql_data
chmod 750 -R /home/mysql
chmod 750 -R /home/mysql_data
4.初始化数据库
vim mysql.server
将启动脚本里面的basedir和datadir修改成我们指定的目录
basedir=/home/mysql
datadir=/mysql_data
[root@iccsdb02 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysql --datadir=/mysql_data --initialize
2017-04-26T02:17:42.485369Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-04-26T02:17:43.083466Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2017-04-26T02:17:43.236539Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2017-04-26T02:17:43.357511Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 87cd07e3-2a26-11e7-afe5-0800275a2175.
2017-04-26T02:17:43.385762Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2017-04-26T02:17:43.387836Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9NuZjvE>fsZb
改用 mysqld --initialize 后，如果 datadir 指向的目标目录下已经有数据文件, 会出现warning 报错 如下：
删除清空后在重新初始化即可
2017-04-24T08:51:45.724122Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-04-24T08:51:45.727068Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2017-04-24T08:51:45.727113Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
5. 检测下是否能启动mysql服务
# cd /home/mysql/support-files
[root@iccsdb02 support-files]# ./mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/mysql_data/iccsdb02.err'.
[确定]
如果出现如下报错：
Starting MySQL.2017-04-25T03:03:32.124076Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX socket file don't exists.
The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/i[失败]1.pid).
检查/etc/my.cnf 文件查看datadir等是否正确，默认是没有这个配置文件的，后续我们可能需要手动添加。
6. 创建软链接
ln -s /home/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
ln -s /home/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin/mysqladmin
7. 配置mysql服务开机自动启动
拷贝启动文件到/etc/init.d/下并重命令为mysqld
# cp /home/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
增加执行权限
# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
检查自启动项列表中没有mysqld这个，如果没有就添加mysqld：
# chkconfig --list mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld
设置MySQL在345等级自动启动
# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
8. mysql服务的启动/重启/停止,其实到此mysql应该就已经能够正常启动了
启动mysql服务
# service mysqld start
停止mysql服务
# service mysqld stop
重启mysql服务
# service mysqld restart
9. 创建配置文件
将默认my.cnf备份，如果有的话
# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
进入mysql的安装目录支持文件目录
# cd /home/mysql/support-files
# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf 这步骤在此版本的软件里面没有看到相对应的my-default.cnf文件
可按需修改新的配置文件选项， 不修改配置选项， mysql则按默认配置参数运行.
默认/etc/my.cnf 是没有的，可以自己创建个也可以从网上下载一个，这里设置编码为utf8以防乱码，我测试的配置文件如下：
[mysqld]
datadir=/my_data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
10. 初始化mysql用户root的密码, 网上说的方法有很多，但是经过测试都怎么好用，所以就直接按照这个来了
修改MySQL的配置文件（默认为/etc/my.cnf）,在[mysqld]下添加一行skip-grant-tables
service mysqld restart后，即可直接用mysql进入
[root@iccsdb02 run]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.18 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('1q2w3e') where user='root' and Host = 'localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.12 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> quit
再次进入还会提示你修改密码
root@iccsdb02 run]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.18
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql>
重新更新一下密码即可
[root@iccsdb02 mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p password
Enter password:
New password:
Confirm new password:
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
[root@iccsdb02 mysql]#
[root@iccsdb02 mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.7.18 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
好了，到此mysql 5.7.18 就已经安装成功并且本地能正常访问使用了
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