现在容器化技术越来越成熟和流行，比传统的虚拟化技术确实是有很大的优势，所以流行是必然的。今天来实践一把，使用Docker的dockerfile方式定制lnmp环境。

环境配置

操作系统：CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810
Docker 版本：19.03.5
Nginx 版本：1.15.5
PHP 版本：7.2.26
MySQL 版本：8.0.18
Redis 版本：5.0.5  

创建目录结构

docker目录：//docker相关配置
[root@zhangdeTalk data]# tree docker
docker
├── bin
│   └── docker-compose-linux.yml //dockerfile.yml
├── config
│   ├── mysql
│   │   └── mysqld.cnf //数据库配置文件
│   ├── nginx
│   │   ├── conf.d
│   │   │   └── default.conf //nginx主要配置文件
│   │   └── nginx.conf //nginx基础配置文件
│   ├── php
│   │   ├── php.ini //php基础配置文件
│   │   └── www.conf //php主要配置文件
│   └── redis
│   └── redis.conf //redis配置文件
├── dockerfile
│   ├── mysql-8.0.18
│   │   └── Dockerfile //mysql的dockerfile
│   ├── nginx-1.15.5
│   │   └── Dockerfile //nginx的dockerfile
│   ├── php-7.2-fpm
│   │   └── Dockerfile //php的dockerfile
│   └── redis-5.0.5
│   └── Dockerfile //redis的dockerfile
├── README.en.md
└── README.md

www目录：//站点目录
[root@zhangdeTalk data]# tree www
www
└── zhangdetalk_blog_admin
├── 1.html
└── index.php

logs目录：//日志目录
[root@zhangdeTalk data]# tree logs
logs
├── mysql
├── nginx
│   ├── access.log
│   └── error.log
├── php
└── redis

mysql目录：//数据库数据目录

redis目录：//数据库数据目录

Docker安装

先在CentOS安装Docker，可参考另外一篇文章：CentOS安装Docker

构建lnmp镜像Dockerfile

PHP Dockerfile

From php:7.2-fpm
#维护者信息
MAINTAINER zhangdeTalk 2393222021@qq.com
#时区
ENV TZ Asia/Shanghai
RUN date -R
#RUN docker-php-ext-install bcmath dom fileinfo filter ftp gd gmp hash iconv imap json mbstring mysqli odbc opcache pdo pdo_mysql pdo_odbc phar reflection session snmp soap sockets zip
#RUN docker-php-ext-install mysqli opcache pdo_mysql
WORKDIR /working
RUN apt-get update --fix-missing && apt-get install -y libpng-dev libjpeg-dev libfreetype6-dev  \
    && docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/include/jpeg \
    && docker-php-ext-install gd mysqli opcache pdo_mysql gd zip
ENV PHPREDIS_VERSION 4.0.1
ENV PHPXDEBUG_VERSION 2.6.0
ENV PHPSWOOLE_VERSION 4.2.13
ENV PHPMONGODB_VERSION 1.5.3
RUN pecl install redis-$PHPREDIS_VERSION \
    && pecl install xdebug-$PHPXDEBUG_VERSION \
    && pecl install swoole-$PHPSWOOLE_VERSION \
    && pecl install mongodb-$PHPMONGODB_VERSION \
    && docker-php-ext-enable redis xdebug swoole mongodb
# install composer new
# https://getcomposer.org/installer | https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer
 RUN php -r "copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer', 'composer-setup.php');" \
     && php composer-setup.php \
     && php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');" \
     && mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer \
     && composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://packagist.laravel-china.org
RUN apt-get install -y git
# clear
RUN rm -rf /var/cache/apt/* \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
RUN mkdir /var/lib/sessions \
    && chmod o=rwx -R /var/lib/sessions
#容器启动时执行指令
CMD ["php-fpm"]

Nginx Dockerfile

From nginx:1.15.5
#维护者信息
MAINTAINER zhangdeTalk 2393222021@qq.com
#时区
ENV TZ Asia/Shanghai
RUN date -R
#容器启动时执行指令
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

Mysql Dockerfile

From mysql:8.0.18
#维护者信息
MAINTAINER zhangdeTalk 2393222021@qq.com
#时区
ENV TZ Asia/Shanghai
RUN date -R
#容器启动时执行指令
CMD ["mysqld"]

Redis Dockerfile

From redis:5.0.5
#维护者信息
MAINTAINER zhangdeTalk 2393222021@qq.com
#时区
ENV TZ Asia/Shanghai
RUN date -R
#容器启动时执行指令
CMD ["redis-server"]

dockerfile.yml配置

version: '3.3'
services:
  nginx:
    build: ../dockerfile/nginx-1.15.5
    ports:
      - "80:80" #nginx
    restart: always
    tty: true
    container_name: nginx
    volumes:
      - /data/www:/var/www/html
      - /data/logs/nginx:/var/log/nginx
      - /data/docker/config/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
      - /data/docker/config/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      - /etc/letsencrypt:/etc/letsencrypt
    networks:
     - lnmp-networks
  php7:
    build: ../dockerfile/php-7.2-fpm
    tty: true
    restart: always
    container_name: php7
    volumes:
      - /data/www:/var/www/html
      - /data/logs/php:/var/log/php
      - /data/docker/config/php/php.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
      - /data/docker/config/php/www.conf:/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
    depends_on:
      - nginx
    networks:
     - lnmp-networks
  redis:
    build: ../dockerfile/redis-5.0.5
    container_name: redis
    tty: true
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - /data/docker/config/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf
      - /data/redis:/var/lib/redis
      - /data/logs/redis:/var/log/redis
    networks:
     - lnmp-networks
  mysql:
    build: ../dockerfile/mysql-8.0.18
    container_name: mysql
    tty: true
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "3306:3306" #mysql
    volumes:
      - /data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql
      - /data/docker/config/mysql/mysqld.cnf:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
      - /data/logs/mysql:/var/log/mysql
      - /data/mysqlback:/data/mysqlback
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
    networks:
      - lnmp-networks
networks:
 lnmp-networks:

Nginx配置文件

vim /data/docker/config/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

server {
         listen 80;
         listen [::]:80;
         # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP
         index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html index.php;
         charset utf-8;
         server_name zhangdetalk.com www.zhangdetalk.com;
         location ~ \.md$ {
             default_type 'text/plain';
         }
         root /var/www/html/zhangdetalk_blog_admin;//项目目录
         location / {
                 #try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
                 index    index.php index.htm index.html;
                 if (!-e $request_filename) {
                         rewrite  ^(.*)$  /index.php?s=$1  last;
                         break;
                 }
         }
         location ~ \.php$ {
                 include fastcgi_params;
                 fastcgi_index index.php;
                 fastcgi_pass php7:9000;//容器:端口号
                 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
         }
 }

docker-compose安装

1. curl -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.22.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
2. chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose //设置可执行权限

创建并启动容器

docker-compose -f docker-compose-linux.yml up -d --force-recreate --remove-orphans

容器查看

docker ps

测试

vim /data/www/zhangdetalk_blog_admin/index.php

通过访问站点：http://www.zhangdetalk.com/
可以看到显示数据库连接成功，并打印出PHP的相关信息
到此步，我们的lnmp环境搭建大功告成！

github源码

相关的源码下载地址：https://github.com/zhangdejian/docker_lnmp.git

遇到的问题

1、PHP代码连接数据库，host不能写成127.0.0.1或localhost，需要填写数据库容器名字

2、mysql8连接，连接失败，因为加密方式有变化
解决方式：主机登录mysql，修改成旧的加密方式（mysql_native_password），并重置密码 
* mysql -uroot -p;
* use mysql;
* select host,user,plugin from user;
* alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';

可参考这篇文章：Docker 安装 MySQL8.0