下文给大家带来lvs 虚拟负载均衡云服务器总体描述，希望能够给大家在实际运用中带来一定的帮助，负载均衡涉及的东西比较多，理论也不多，网上有很多书籍，今天我们就用在行业内累计的经验来做一个解答。

一、lvs 虚拟负载均衡云服务器总体描述

主要涉及软件包：ipvsadm 和keepalived(或者heartbeat)

1.24.tar.gz(linux安装盘中有)

主机：linux red-had 6.4

主机相关说明：

vip 10.4.127.160  对外暴露ip端口

master 10.4.121.212 控制负载均衡

backup 10.4.120.166 负载均衡备份  

rtsp1  10.4.120.165  realserver

rtsp2  10.4.120.163  realserver

注意要求：服务器时间要求同步

    命令： 

  修改时间同步配置文件：vi /etc/ntp.conf  增加server 10.4.121.166    ##10.4.121.166为时间服务器

  启动时间同步服务：service ntpd start

  ntpd -p 配置 查看主机对表

  时间同步问题：错误1.Server dropped: Strata too high

               原因：NTP server还没有和其自身或者它的server同步上。

               处理：NTP Server 修改/etc/ntp.conf   

                                                            server 127.127.1.0
                                                    fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 8 

             错误2.Server dropped: no data

                 原因：查ntp server的防火墙

                 处理：service iptables stop

         注意：ntpd  只能进行时间微调，如果服务器相差时间过多，需要使用ntpdate 10.4.121.166 调一下，之后启动服务实时微调

二、maser 上环境准备

1,安装keepalived

#tar -zxvf keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz

# cd keepalived-1.1.15

./configure --sysconf=/etc --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

# make && make install

2,下面设置keepalived以服务方式启动

设置成为服务并开机启动:

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived status

chkconfig --add keepalived

chkconfig keepalived on

#cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/

#cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

#mkdir /etc/keepalived

#cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

#cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

#service keepalived start|stop

3,配置keepalived

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

   notification_email {

   }

   notification_email_from 

   smtp_server smtp.163.com

   smtp_connect_timeout 30

   router_id LVS_DEVEL

   lvs_id  lvs01

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

    state MASTER

    interface eth0

   lvs_sync_daemon_interface eth0

   virtual_router_id 50 ##主从一致

    priority 100

    advert_int 1

    authentication {

        auth_type PASS

        auth_pass 1111

    }

    virtual_ipaddress {

        10.4.127.160   ##vip

    }

}

virtual_server 10.4.127.160 8042 {

    delay_loop 2

    lb_algo rr

    lb_kind DR

    persistence_timeout 50

    protocol TCP    ####换RTSP 在quicktime下测试失败，keepalived不能失败自动剔除切换子例

    real_server 10.4.120.165 8042  {

          weight 1

          TCP_CHECK {

           connect_timeout 3

            nb_get_retry 3

            delay_before_retry 3

            connect_port  8042

    }

  }

    real_server 10.4.120.163  8042 {

            weight 1

           TCP_CHECK {

            connect_timeout 3

            nb_get_retry 3

            delay_before_retry 3

           connect_port 8042

     }

    }

}

----启动 keepalived 后

[root@9data2 keepalived]# ipvsadm -Ln

IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)

Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags

  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

TCP  10.4.121.212:8042 rr persistent 600

  -> 10.4.120.165:8042            Route   1      0          5         

  -> 10.4.120.163:8042            Route   1      0          0   

在2台rtsp服务器10.4.120.165/10.4.120.163上添加如下脚本

#vim /etc/init.d/realserver.sh

#!/bin/bash

SNS_VIP=10.4.127.160

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

case "$1" in

start)

ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP

/sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1

echo "RealServer Start OK"

;;

stop)

ifconfig lo:0 down

route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

echo "RealServer Stoped"

;;

*)

echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"

exit 1

esac

exit 0

赋权：

#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/realserver.sh

#sh /etc/init.d/realserver.sh start

四、Backup注意

 此处只做master， backup类似操作 只需稍作修改就行 

 问题：

 Keepalived_vrrp: bogus VRRP packet received on eth0 !!!

 Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) ignoring received

解决：

 修改/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 中virtual_route_id的值

 比如

  virtual_router_id 60 主从方都要改，默认为51 ，重启keepalived 即可

1.lvs_id改为lvs02 

2.state改为BUCKUP

3.priority改为100，只要比MASTER小就可以。

4、主、从的  virtual_router_id 相同

看了以上关于lvs 虚拟负载均衡云服务器总体描述，如果大家还有什么地方需要了解的可以在行业资讯里查找自己感兴趣的或者找我们的专业技术工程师解答的，技术工程师在行业内拥有十几年的经验了。