django+nginx+uwsgi部署web站点
环境：
django：1.8.16
python：2.7.13
pip：2.7
uwsgi：2.0.15
project路径： /opt/cmdb/
Uwsgi的安装配置
1、安装python2.7 （省略安装过程）
2、安装pip2.7 （省略安装过程）
3、安装uwsgi（注意：要用pip2.7安装）
pip2.7 install uwsgi pip2.7 install requests ln -s /usr/local/python2.7/bin/uwsgi /usr/bin/uwsgi
4、配置uwsgi.ini
路径： /opt/cmdb/uwsgi.ini
文件内容：
[root@localhost cmdb]# cat uwsgi.ini
[uwsgi] socket = 127.0.0.1:8088 chdir=/opt/cmdb wsgi-file = cmdb/wsgi.py pidfile = /var/run/uwsgi.pid daemonize = /var/log/uwsgi.log perl-auto-reload = 2 #buffer-size = 102400 master = true processes = 2 threads = 4
Uwsgi：常用参数和选项
关于参数的具体使用，可以阅读官方文档http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Options.html ，在这里列出一些常用的参数：
chdir 项目目录
home virtualenv目录（如没有运行virtualenv虚拟环境，则无需设置）
socket 套接字文件或TCP套接字，例如：site1.uwsgi.sock 或 127.0.0.1:8000
uid 用户id
gid 用户组id
processes 工作进程数
harakiri 进程超过该时间未响应就重启该进程（默认单位为秒）
module 要启动的wsgi模块入口，如：mysite.wsgi:application
ini 指定ini配置文件
xml 指定xml配置文件（与ini类似）
file 指定要运行的wsgi程序文件，如：test.py
emperor Emperor模式
so-keepalive 开启TCP KEEPALIVE（unix套接字方式下无效）
uwsgi服务init脚本 /etc/init.d/cmdb
#!/bin/bash
# Comments to support chkconfig on Linux
# chkconfig: 35 85 15
# description: uwsgi is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse
#
# author mail@zhaoyanan.cn
#
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/uwsgi
# chkconfig --add uwsgi
# chkconfig --level 2345 uwsgi on
#
# Change History:
# date author note
# 2016/11/16 mail@zhaoyanan.cn create, refer to nginx, and http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Management.html
set -e
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="uwsgi daemon"
NAME=uwsgi
DAEMON=/usr/bin/$NAME ##指向uwsgi的命令路径
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME ##启动脚本路径
CONFFILE=/opt/cmdb/uwsgi.ini ##uwsgi.ini配置文件路径
PIDFILE=/var/run/uwsgi.pid ##pid文件路径
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
d_start(){
$DAEMON --ini $CONFFILE || echo -n " already running"
}
d_stop() {
$DAEMON --stop $PIDFILE || echo -n " not running"
}
d_reload() {
$DAEMON --reload $PIDFILE || echo -n " counld not reload"
}
d_freload() {
$DAEMON --die-on-term $PIDFILE || echo -n " counld not force reload"
}
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting $DESC:$NAME"
d_start
echo "."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping $DESC:$NAME"
d_stop
echo "."
;;
reload)
echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
d_reload
echo "reloaded."
;;
force_reload)
echo -n "The official provision of the parameters, tested and found not to support..."
# d_freload
# echo "force reloaded."
echo "."
;;
restart)
echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
d_stop
sleep 2
d_start
echo "."
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force_reload}" >&2
exit 3
;;
esac
exit 0Nginx安装配置
1、安装nginx
yum -y install nginx
2、配置nginx
[root@localhost cmdb]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/cmdb.conf
upstream django {
server 127.0.0.1:8088;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name 172.16.42.128;
charset utf-8;
client_max_body_size 10M;
location /static {
alias /opt/cmdb/static;
}
location / {
uwsgi_send_timeout 300;
uwsgi_connect_timeout 300;
uwsgi_read_timeout 300;
uwsgi_pass django;
include /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params;
}
}启动站点
1、启动nginx服务
/etc/init.d/nginx start (删除默认的default.conf配置)
2、启动uwsgi
/etc/init.d/cmdb start
排错：
1、在实际操作中发现，启动uwsgi服务后，访问站点出现“502 Bad Gateway”的报错，后来发现是在settings中设置了不允许访问站点
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
改成
ALLOWED_HOSTS = [‘*’]
后问题解决。
2、由于python2.6 不支持django1.8 ，所以需要在服务器上安装python2.7，并且在安装之前，最好输入以下命令，将可能用到的包都装上，否则出现问题时，需要重新编译安装python2.7
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel yum -y install ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel yum -y install tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel yum -y install xz-devel libffi-devel
3、用pip安装uwsgi时，一定要用pip2.7(用python2.7安装的pip) 进行安装
4、invalid request block size: 4161 (max 4096)...skip报错解决
在访问站点时，出现了invalid request block size: 4161 (max 4096)...skip报错解决的报错。
解决办法是在uwsgi.ini配置文件中增加一条配置：buffer-size = 102400
将buffer-size设置大一些
参考链接：http://blog.csdn.net/hshl1214/article/details/47294657
参考链接：
http://code.ziqiangxuetang.com/django/django-nginx-deploy.html
http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Options.html