1.创建用户
SQL> create tablespace lits datafile 'e:\dbf\li01.dbf' size 50m;
 
Tablespace created.
 
SQL> create user li identified by li default tablespace lits;
 
User created.
 
SQL> grant connect to li;
 
Grant succeeded.
--允许用户li任意使用lits表空间
SQL> alter user li quota unlimited on lits;
 
User altered.
 
SQL>
 
 
2.关库，删除dbf文件，模拟数据文件丢失或者损坏
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
--删除li01.dbf
 
 
3.重启
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
 
Total System Global Area  171966464 bytes
Fixed Size                   787988 bytes
Variable Size             145488364 bytes
Database Buffers           25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers                 524288 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 11 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 11: 'E:\DBF\LI01.DBF'
--数据文件丢失只能启动到mount模式，如果要系统正常启动，可以先把丢失的文件offline，其他正常的数据文件正常启动数据库
SQL> select file#,ts#,name from v$datafile;
 
     FILE#        TS# NAME
---------- ---------- ----------------------------------------------------------
         1          0 E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF
         2          1 E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF
         3          2 E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF
         4          4 E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF
         5          6 E:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ORADATA\ORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF
         6          7 E:\DBF\MYTABLESPACE.DBF
         7          7 E:\DBF\MYTABLESPACE01.DBF
         8          7 E:\DBF\MY02
         9          8 E:\DBF\MYTS03
        10          9 E:\ORACLE\RMAN\RMANTS01.DBF
        11         10 E:\DBF\LI01.DBF
 
11 rows selected.
 
 
4.datafile offline启动系统
 
SQL> alter database datafile 11 offline;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> alter database open;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL>
SQL>
 
 
 
5.删除原来损坏的新建dbf,li01.dbf必须是原来的同名
--还有另外一种恢复方式，在备份前提下 把备份拷贝到datafile同名的数据文件进行恢复
SQL> alter database create datafile 'e:\dbf\li01.dbf';
 
Database altered.
 
 
 
6.把日志同步到新的dbf
SQL> recover datafile 'e:\dbf\li01.dbf';
Media recovery complete.
 
--查不到表
SQL> select * from li.li01;
select * from li.li01
              *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00376: file 11 cannot be read at this time
ORA-01110: data file 11: 'E:\DBF\LI01.DBF'
SQL>
 
 
7.datafile online
SQL> alter database datafile 11 online;
 
Database altered.
 
SQL> select * from li.li01;
 
       LID
----------
         1
         2
         3
 
SQL>
--查询结果是commit之前的结果。
SQL>