mysql源码包安装的方法：首先上传或下载源码包，并安装依赖；然后解压安装包，并生成；接着编译和安装、做软连接、创建用户、拷贝配置文件和启动脚本、初始化数据库等等；最后启动数据库和配置环境变量，并确认启动即可。

mysql源码包安装的方法：

源码包安装

1）上传或下载源码包

[root@db02 ~]# rz mysql-5.6.46.tar.gz

2）安装依赖

由于安装环境的不同，在生成的过程中可能也会报其它的错误，按照错误的提示安装相应的依耐包即可。

[root@db02 ~]# yum install -y ncurses-devel libaio-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc cmake autoconf openssl openssl-devel

3）解压安装包

[root@db02 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.46.tar.gz

4）生成

[root@db02 ~]# cd mysql-5.6.46/
[root@db02 mysql-5.6.46]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.46 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.46/data \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.46/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0

5）编译和安装

[root@db02 mysql-5.6.46]# make && make install

6）做软连接

[root@db02 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.46 /usr/local/mysql

7）创建用户

[root@db02 ~]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M

8）拷贝配置文件和启动脚本

[root@db02 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/
[root@db02 support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite '/etc/my.cnf'? y
[root@db02 support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

9）初始化数据库

[root@db02 support-files]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/
[root@db02 scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

8）配置system管理mysql

[root@db02 scripts]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
[root@db02 scripts]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@db02 scripts]# systemctl start mysqld

9）启动失败报错

[root@db02 scripts]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql-5.6.46/data/db02.err'.
200709 15:42:14 mysqld_safe Directory '/usr/local/mysql-5.6.46/tmp' for UNIX socket file don't exists.
 ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql-5.6.46/data/db02.pid).
 
#原因：
1.cmake过程指定了socket文件位置，实际位置不存在
2.目录权限不足
 
#解决：
[root@db02 scripts]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql-5.6.46/tmp/
[root@db02 scripts]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@db02 scripts]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.6.46/

10）启动数据库

[root@db02 scripts]# systemctl start mysqld

11）配置环境变量

[root@db03 scripts]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@db03 mysql]# source /etc/profile

12）确认启动

[root@m01 scripts]# ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql     12886      1  2 03:10 ?        00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
root      12921  10636  0 03:11 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@m01 scripts]# netstat -lntp   
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      12886/mysqld