OpenStack stein安装（七）neutron on controller
OpenStack网络(neutron)允许您创建并将其他OpenStack服务管理的接口设备附加到网络上。可以实现插件来适应不同的网络设备和软件，从而为OpenStack体系结构和部署提供灵活性。
它包括以下组成部分:
- neutron-server
接受API请求并将其路由到适当的OpenStack网络插件以执行操作。 - OpenStack Networking plug-ins and agents
插件式的网络端口，创建网络或子网，并提供IP地址。这些插件和代理的差异取决于特定云中使用的供应商和技术。OpenStack网络附带了用于Cisco虚拟和物理交换机、NEC OpenFlow产品、Open vSwitch、Linux桥接和VMware NSX产品的插件和代理。
常见的代理包括L3 (layer 3)、DHCP(动态主机IP寻址)和插件代理。 -
Messaging queue
大多数OpenStack网络安装都使用它在neutron-server和各种代理之间路由信息。还充当数据库，存储特定插件的网络状态。Prerequisites
Before you configure the OpenStack Networking (neutron) service, you must create a database, service credentials, and API endpoints.
- To create the database, complete these steps:
○ Use the database access client to connect to the database server as the root user: $ mysql -u root -p root123 ○ Create the neutron database: MariaDB [keystone]> CREATE DATABASE neutron; ○ Grant proper access to the neutron database, replacing NEUTRON_DBPASS with a suitable password: MariaDB [keystone]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron123'; - Source the admin credentials to gain access to admin-only CLI commands:
$ . admin-openrc -
To create the service credentials, complete these steps:
○ Create the neutron user: $ openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron User Password:neutron123 Repeat User Password:neutron123 +---------------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------+----------------------------------+ | domain_id | default | | enabled | True | | id | fdb0f541e28141719b6a43c8944bf1fb | | name | neutron | | options | {} | | password_expires_at | None | +---------------------+----------------------------------+ ○ Add the admin role to the neutron user: $ openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin Note: This command provides no output. ○ Create the neutron service entity: $ openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | OpenStack Networking | | enabled | True | | id | f71529314dab4a4d8eca427e701d209e | | name | neutron | | type | network | +-------------+----------------------------------+ - Create the Networking service API endpoints:
#openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://stack.flex.net:9696 +--------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+----------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 85d80a6d02fc4b7683f611d7fc1493a3 | | interface | public | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | f71529314dab4a4d8eca427e701d209e | | service_name | neutron | | service_type | network | | url | http://stack.flex.net:9696 | +--------------+----------------------------------+
#openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://stack.flex.net:9696
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 09753b537ac74422a68d2d791cf3714f |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f71529314dab4a4d8eca427e701d209e |
| service_name | neutron |
| service_type | network |
| url | http://stack.flex.net:9696 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+#openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://stack.flex.net:9696
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 1ee14289c9374dffb5db92a5c112fc4e |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f71529314dab4a4d8eca427e701d209e |
| service_name | neutron |
| service_type | network |
| url | http://stack.flex.net:9696 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+#### Configure networking options可以使用选项1和选项2表示的两种体系结构中的一种部署网络服务。
选项1部署了最简单的体系结构，它只支持将实例附加到provider(external)网络。没有self-service(private)网络、路由器或浮动IP地址。只有管理员或其他特权用户才能管理provider网络。
选项2支持将实例附加到自助服务网络的3层服务来增强选项1。demo或其他无特权用户可以管理自助服务网络，包括在自助服务网络和提供者网络之间提供连接的路由器。此外，浮动IP地址使用来自外部网络(如Internet)的自助服务网络提供到实例的连接。
自服务网络通常使用overlay网络。overlay网络协议如vxlan包括额外的头部信息，这些头文件增加了开销，减少了有效负载或用户数据可用的空间。在不了解虚拟网络基础设施的情况下，实例尝试使用默认的1500字节以太网最大传输单元(MTU)发送数据包。网络服务通过DHCP自动向实例提供正确的MTU值。但是，有些云镜像不使用DHCP或忽略DHCP MTU选项，需要使用元数据或脚本进行配置。
选择下列网络选项中的一个，或两个全选，参看下面的两个章节。并返回这里再向下继续配置
○ Networking Option 1: Provider networks
○ Networking Option 2: Self-service networks - To create the database, complete these steps:
Configure the metadata agent
The metadata agent provides configuration information such as credentials to instances.
Edit the /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini file and complete the following actions:
○ In the [DEFAULT] section, configure the metadata host and shared secret:
[DEFAULT]
# ...
nova_metadata_host = stack.flex.net
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 1234
Replace METADATA_SECRET with a suitable secret for the metadata proxy.Configure the Compute service to use the Networking service
Note: The Nova compute service must be installed to complete this step.
Edit the /etc/nova/nova.conf file and perform the following actions:
○ In the [neutron] section, configure access parameters, enable the metadata proxy, and configure the secret:
[neutron]
# ...
url = http://stack.flex.net:9696
auth_url = http://stack.flex.net:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron123
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 1234Finalize installation
- The Networking service initialization scripts expect a symbolic link /etc/neutron/plugin.ini pointing to the ML2 plug-in configuration file, /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini. If this symbolic link does not exist, create it using the following command:
# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini - Populate the database:
# su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \ --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron 注意：由于脚本需要完整的服务器和插件配置文件，数据库填充将在稍后用于网络。 - Restart the Compute API service:
# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service - Start the Networking services and configure them to start when the system boots.
For both networking options:
# systemctl enable neutron-server.service \
neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
neutron-metadata-agent.service
# systemctl start neutron-server.service \
neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
neutron-metadata-agent.service
For networking option 2, also enable and start the layer-3 service:
# systemctl enable neutron-l3-agent.service
# systemctl start neutron-l3-agent.service